Many buyers believe they need 20% down, but that's often not the case. Conventional loans can start as low as 3%, FHA at 3.5%, and VA or USDA may allow zero down. The right option depends on your credit, income, and the program that fits you best.

Generally 620 is the baseline for conventional loans, while FHA may allow lower scores with 3.5% down. VA and USDA are more flexible and often don't have strict minimums. Higher scores can mean better rates and terms.

It depends on your income, debts, down payment, and current rates. Lenders look at your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio to gauge a comfortable payment. Getting pre-approved is the best way to know exactly — try our calculators on the homepage to start.

Closing costs typically run 2%–5% of the purchase price and include appraisal fees, title insurance, taxes, and lender fees. Sometimes sellers can cover part of these, and some programs offer assistance.

With a complete application, pre-approval can happen in as little as 24 hours. A pre-approval letter shows sellers you're serious and tells you exactly what you qualify for before you shop.